A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is a data set containing elevation values either in raster data form or in a Triangular Irregular Network (TIN). These data sets are commonly created through remote sensing techniques but can also be made through land surveying. This data is also regularly used in a GIS and is the basis for relief maps. The example shown above is the DEM of the contiguous United States. With this DEM, we are able to observe the commonly known mountain ranges of the U.S. (the Rocky Mountains in the west and the Appalachain Mountains along the east coast).
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